What Are The Signs And Symptoms Of Umbilical Hernia?
New parents look forward to a milestone in healing their infant’s belly button. Then, within a week or two after delivery, the umbilical cord stump (cord that forms a connection between a mother and her fetus while in the womb) dries out properly and falls off, exposing the navel. However, a newborn’s belly button can cause concern when it feels hard or looks enlarged.
After birth, the intestines may push through this small opening and cause an umbilical hernia. Although adults can have it too, Umbilical hernias are more significant in newborns and infants younger than six months. Each year about 20 percent of babies are born with this condition.
How Does Umbilical Hernia Develop?
Adults may develop a hernia because of growing overweight and straining the abdominal area. It can also develop during or after pregnancy because of a long-lasting cough. However, some experts say that there is 0.08% of the risk for developing umbilical hernia during pregnancy.
Umbilical hernia mainly develops because the opening in the abdominal muscle that lets the umbilical cord pass through cannot close completely. The problem is more common in babies than adults.
This condition is more likely to develop in babies born at a low weight or prematurely. The percentage of occurrence is the same for both male and female genders. However, other conditions include:
Frequent pregnancies
The abdominal cavity containing excess fluid
Abdominal surgery
Having twins or triplets
Umbilical Hernia In Women
An umbilical hernia occurs when a portion of tissue or intestine protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles near the navel (umbilicus). It can affect both men and women, but certain factors make women more prone to developing it.
Pregnancy: Increased abdominal pressure during pregnancy can weaken the abdominal wall, making it a common cause of umbilical hernias in women.
Obesity: Excess body weight puts additional strain on the abdominal muscles, increasing the risk.
Chronic Cough or Straining: Conditions causing repeated coughing, heavy lifting, or straining during bowel movements can lead to hernias.
Previous Surgeries: Incisions near the navel from surgeries can weaken the abdominal muscles and contribute to hernias.
What Are The Signs And Symptoms Of An Umbilical Hernia?
If you develop an umbilical hernia, the first thing you will notice is a lump in your navel area. It will appear more obvious when the infant cries, laughs, coughs, or goes to the toilet. However, the lump may shrink when a child is lying down and relaxing.
Moreover, in most conditions, umbilical hernias in babies are harmless and painless.
However, in adults, the hernia can be painful. The main symptom is swelling or bulging of the navel area, which requires immediate surgical treatment.
In case you notice the below symptoms, you may need emergency medical treatment:
The baby begins to vomit suddenly
The child is in extreme pain
The bulging part, i.e. in both children and adults, is swollen, tender or discoloured.
Pathophysiology Of Umbilical Hernia
Increased Intra-Abdominal Pressure: Conditions such as obesity, pregnancy, chronic coughing, heavy lifting, or constipation can create excessive pressure on the abdominal wall.
Defective Collagen or Connective Tissue: Impaired collagen synthesis or connective tissue abnormalities can weaken the umbilical ring or nearby structures.
Recurrent Stress or Trauma: Continuous mechanical strain from daily activities or previous surgeries near the umbilicus may contribute to hernia formation.
Complications That Arise Because Of The Umbilical Hernia
As such, there is no threat of complications for infants and children. However, there are cases of some complications in both adults and children when the abdominal tissue is trapped (incarcerated) and not able to get back into the abdominal cavity.
As a result of a hernia, it becomes impossible to push the intestines back into the abdomen. Thus, the body does not supply enough blood, leading to severe pain and even killing tissues. This may further lead to severe infection and increased risk of mortality.
Hence, the umbilical hernia needs to be treated immediately. At the same time, ensure to seek immediate help when you notice the symptoms of hernia that indicate strangulated or obstructed intestines. These symptoms include:
What Kind Of Doctor Should You Approach When You Grow A Hernia?
It’s best to start with a primary care provider if you have a hernia. However, if the condition worsens and you need surgery to repair the hernia, you must look for a general surgeon.
Don’t wait to seek help even if you are not sure about having hernia. If ignored, hernia can grow darker, larger and painful over time that may lead to further complications. Getting it treated early can greatly increase the chance of successful surgery and better recovery.
Conclusion
Most cases of umbilical hernia in babies will get resolved on their own by age 3 or 4. However, speak with a nearby paediatrician if you think your baby may have an umbilical hernia. Seek emergency care if your baby is in pain or the bulge swells up further or gets discoloured.
Adults with a bulge in their abdomen should also seek medical advice. Hernia repair surgery has nowadays become a common procedure with high success rates. As a result, most children can return home with no complications on the same day of the surgery. However, it is not something to ignore, so make sure you get it treated as soon as you notice its symptoms.
If you have any queries about umbilical hernia, its signs and symptoms, and treatment, connect to our experts now!
FAQs
What are the common signs of an umbilical hernia? A bulge near the belly button, pain, or discomfort, especially when coughing or straining, are common signs.
Can an umbilical hernia cause severe symptoms? Yes, complications like strangulation can lead to severe pain, nausea, or vomiting and require immediate medical attention.
Are umbilical hernias visible at all times? The bulge may be more noticeable when standing or straining and may disappear when lying down.
What symptoms in children indicate an umbilical hernia? A soft swelling near the navel, particularly when crying or coughing, is a common sign in children.
When should I seek medical advice for an umbilical hernia? If the bulge is painful, changes colour, or is accompanied by other symptoms like fever, consult a doctor.
Have queries or concern ?
For a quick response to all your queries, do call us.
