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The Rise Of Conjunctivitis In Delhi-NCR: Understanding Pink Eye And How To Stay Protected

A Surge in Pink Eye Cases: What’s Happening in Delhi-NCR?

Recent reports indicate a sharp rise in conjunctivitis cases across Delhi-NCR, with hospitals witnessing a surge in patients experiencing red, itchy, and watery eyes. Doctors attribute this increase to a combination of seasonal changes, high humidity, and a newly emerging viral strain. The monsoon season creates an ideal breeding ground for bacteria and viruses, increasing the spread of eye infections.

Medical professionals highlight that while the ink eye is highly contagious, it is not typically dangerous. However, they caution against self-medication, especially with steroid-based eye drops, which could worsen the condition. The best course of action? Proper hygiene, avoiding eye rubbing, and seeking medical advice when symptoms persist.

With this spike in cases, it’s crucial to understand conjunctivitis in depth—its causes, types, symptoms, treatment, and preventive measures.

What is Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis)?

Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva—the transparent membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner eyelids. It can affect one or both eyes and is often caused by infections, allergies, or irritants.

Types of Conjunctivitis

Pink eye can be categorized into three main types based on its cause:

1. Viral Conjunctivitis

• The most common type is typically caused by viruses associated with the common cold.
• Highly contagious and spreads through direct contact, air droplets, or touching contaminated surfaces.
• Symptoms include redness, excessive tearing, a watery discharge, and sometimes swollen lymph nodes near the ear.
• Usually resolves on its own within one to two weeks without medical intervention.

2. Bacterial Conjunctivitis

• Caused by bacterial infections such as Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• Characterized by thick, yellow-green discharge that can cause the eyelids to stick together, especially in the morning.
• Requires antibiotic eye drops or ointments for treatment.
• If untreated, it can lead to complications, though these are rare.

3. Allergic Conjunctivitis

• Triggered by allergens such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, or mould.
• Not contagious but can cause significant discomfort, including intense itching, redness, watery eyes, and swelling.
• Often associated with other allergic symptoms like sneezing and a runny nose.
• Treated with antihistamines, allergy eye drops, and avoiding exposure to allergens.

Common Symptoms of Pink Eye

• Redness in the white part of the eye or the inner eyelid.
• Excessive tearing or watery discharge.
• Itchiness or irritation in the eyes.
• Burning sensation or discomfort.
• Swollen eyelids or mild sensitivity to light.
• Crusting or sticky discharge, especially in bacterial conjunctivitis.

How Does Pink Eye Spread?

Both viral and bacterial conjunctivitis spread easily through:

• Direct contact with infected eye secretions.
• Touching contaminated surfaces like doorknobs, towels, or eyeglasses.
• Airborne droplets from sneezing or coughing.
• Sharing personal items such as eye makeup, contact lenses, or face towels.

Because of its high transmissibility, people in crowded areas, schools, and offices are at higher risk of contracting the infection.

Preventive Measures to Avoid Conjunctivitis

1. Maintain Proper Hand Hygiene
   • Wash hands frequently with soap and water.
   • Use alcohol-based hand sanitisers if washing isn’t possible.
2. Avoid Touching or Rubbing Your Eyes
   • This prevents the spread of germs from your hands to your eyes.
3. Do Not Share Personal Items
   • Avoid sharing towels, washcloths, cosmetics, or eye drops with others.
4. Clean Contact Lenses Properly
   • Always disinfect and store contact lenses correctly.
   • Never use someone else’s contact lenses.
5. Use Protective Eyewear in Public Spaces
   • Wearing sunglasses or glasses in crowded places may help reduce exposure to airborne particles.
6. Disinfect Commonly Touched Surfaces
   • Regularly clean doorknobs, mobile phones, and countertops, especially in households with an infected person.
7. Seek Medical Advice for Persistent Symptoms
   • If symptoms worsen or persist beyond a few days, consult an ophthalmologist to determine the correct treatment.

Treatment Options for Pink Eye

Viral Conjunctivitis Treatment

• No specific antiviral treatment is required.
• Apply cold compresses to reduce swelling and irritation.
• Use artificial tears to relieve dryness.
• Maintain good hygiene to prevent spreading it to others.

Bacterial Conjunctivitis Treatment

• Antibiotic eye drops or ointments prescribed by a doctor can help clear the infection.
• Improvement is usually seen within a few days of starting treatment.
• Warm compresses can help soothe irritation.

Allergic Conjunctivitis Treatment

• Use antihistamine eye drops to reduce allergic reactions.
• Avoid exposure to known allergens.
• Apply cold compresses to alleviate discomfort.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While most cases of conjunctivitis resolve on their own, medical intervention is necessary if:

• Symptoms worsen after a few days instead of improving.
• Vision becomes blurry or painful.
• There is severe redness or swelling.
• Discharge is thick, greenish, or foul-smelling.
• The infection occurs in a newborn baby.

Conclusion

With the recent spike in conjunctivitis cases in Delhi-NCR, awareness and preventive measures are key to staying safe. Whether viral, bacterial, or allergic, pink eye can be managed effectively with proper hygiene, timely treatment, and a few lifestyle precautions. If symptoms persist or worsen, seeking medical attention is always the best course of action.

By adopting simple protective habits, we can reduce the spread of conjunctivitis and maintain better eye health. Stay vigilant, stay safe, and take care of your eyes!

FAQs

1. Is pink eye always contagious?

• Viral and bacterial conjunctivitis are highly contagious, but allergic conjunctivitis is not.

2. How long does pink eye last?

• Viral conjunctivitis lasts 7–14 days without treatment.
• Bacterial conjunctivitis usually clears within 2–5 days with antibiotics.
• Allergic conjunctivitis lasts as long as allergen exposure continues.

3. Can pink eye cause permanent eye damage?

• No, conjunctivitis itself does not cause permanent eye damage. However, severe untreated infections may lead to complications.

4. Can I go to work or school with pink eye?

• It’s best to stay home until symptoms subside, especially if you have viral or bacterial conjunctivitis, to prevent spreading the infection.

5. Can I wear makeup while having pink eye?

• No, using makeup can worsen irritation and spread bacteria. It’s best to discard and replace eye makeup used before the infection.

6. How can I relieve pink eye discomfort at home?

• Apply cold or warm compresses depending on the type of conjunctivitis.
• Use lubricating eye drops to ease irritation.
• Rest your eyes and avoid prolonged screen time.