Dr Bhushan Bhalgat, a cancer surgeon at Sahyadri Hospitals Pune, shares insights into the surgical options for treating esophageal (food pipe) cancer, focusing on how understanding esophageal anatomy helps guide treatment choices.
The Anatomy Of The Esophagus
The esophagus, or food pipe, is approximately 25 centimeters long, extending from the neck through the chest to the abdomen. Surgeons divide it into three parts:
- Upper Esophagus
- Middle Esophagus
- Lower Esophagus
Each part’s unique characteristics impact the choice of treatment.
Treatment Options Based On Esophageal Section
- Upper Esophagus Cancer: Chemoradiation is generally more effective than surgery here, so it is often the preferred treatment.
- Middle and Lower Esophagus Cancer: Surgical removal, or esophagectomy, is commonly recommended. Due to the tumor’s potential spread, even if localized to the middle or lower parts, removing the entire esophagus is often advised.
Special Cases: Cancer At The Gastroesophageal Junction
For tumors located where the esophagus meets the stomach (gastroesophageal junction), removing only the lower esophagus and part of the stomach may be sufficient, reducing the need for full esophageal removal.
Post-Surgery Eating And Recovery
Following surgery, the stomach is reshaped into a cylindrical form and positioned within the chest to enable normal eating. Patients can typically resume a regular diet around 14 to 15 days post-surgery, gradually transitioning to family meals.
Conclusion
Esophageal cancer surgery involves highly specialized procedures based on tumor location. Patients are encouraged to discuss their treatment plan and recovery expectations with their surgeon for clarity and confidence.
About Author
Dr. Bhushan Bhalgat
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