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What Is PCOS? | What Are The Symptoms? | Treatment of PCOS

Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) has become increasingly common among young women today. It’s estimated that one in every ten women is diagnosed with this condition. Let’s dive into some frequently asked questions to understand PCOD better, as explained by Dr. Vaishali Chaudhary from Mom Story by Sahyadri Hospital, Pune.

PCOD stands for Polycystic Ovarian Disease. Breaking down the term:

• Poly: multiple
• Cystic: small, fluid-filled sacs
• Ovary: the female reproductive gland
• Disease: medical condition

In PCOD, the ovaries develop multiple small cysts filled with fluid due to hormonal imbalances. This imbalance causes certain hormones to increase, while others decrease, leading to the development of PCOD.

If you’re wondering how to identify PCOD, here are some typical symptoms to watch for:

1. Irregular Menstrual Cycles: Menstrual cycles often become infrequent, with only six to seven periods a year instead of the typical twelve.
2. Weight Gain: Many women with PCOD experience sudden weight gain that can be difficult to control.
3. Excessive Facial Hair and Acne: PCOD may cause an increase in facial hair and acne. Some women also notice a darkening of the skin, especially around the neck.
4. Deepened Voice and Mood Swings: Hormonal changes can lead to a deepened voice and mood fluctuations.

These symptoms not only affect appearance but may also lead to emotional stress and reduced self-confidence. Women often struggle with weight management, and despite best efforts, may find it challenging to shed extra pounds.

Have queries or concern ?

PCOD is diagnosed through:

• Hormonal Blood Tests: These tests measure hormonal levels to confirm an imbalance.
• Ultrasound (Sonography): Ultrasound scans show an increase in the number and size of follicles within the ovaries, a key indicator of PCOD.

Although PCOD is a chronic hormonal condition similar to diabetes, it can be managed effectively, if not entirely cured. Here are some lifestyle modifications to help control it:

1. Diet and Nutrition:
   • Reduce Carbohydrates: Avoid foods high in sugar, such as mangoes, grapes, and processed sweets. Additionally, stay away from refined flour (maida) and white rice, as they can exacerbate PCOD symptoms.
   • High-Protein Diet: Include protein-rich foods such as eggs, sprouts, nuts, cottage cheese (paneer), mushrooms, soybeans, and fish. Fresh green vegetables and plenty of water are also essential.
2. Regular Exercise:
   • Incorporating physical activity into your daily routine is essential. Exercise not only helps in weight management but also improves mood and boosts energy.
3. Adequate Sleep and Stress Management:
   • Ensuring a healthy sleep routine and managing stress can significantly reduce PCOD symptoms. Chronic stress increases cortisol levels, which can worsen PCOD.

Yes, infertility is one of the more common issues associated with PCOD. PCOD can disrupt egg formation, essential for conception, as an egg’s development quality is crucial for pregnancy. Additionally, PCOD increases the risk of complications during pregnancy, such as:

• Gestational Diabetes: Due to insulin resistance associated with PCOD, gestational diabetes is more common.
• Miscarriages: Higher miscarriage rates have been observed among women with PCOD.
• Long-Term Risks: Women with PCOD may have an increased risk of cardiovascular issues, such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes.

While PCOD may seem challenging, it also serves as a reminder to adopt a healthier lifestyle. By embracing these changes, women with PCOD can experience improved mental and physical health, helping them lead fulfilling lives. PCOD doesn’t need to be a deterrent; with proper care, its impact can be minimized.

If you still have concerns about PCOD or would like more personalized guidance, feel free to contact the team at Sahyadri Hospital, Pune. Dr. Vaishali Chaudhary and her team are dedicated to helping you understand and manage your health better.

Remember, a healthy lifestyle is your best defense.

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