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What is Robotic Surgery?

Robotic surgery has become a topic of great interest, especially with the rise of AI technology. Many people are eager to learn about this advanced surgical approach and its implications for healthcare. To shed light on this subject, Dr. Vinod Gore, a Surgical Oncologist and Robotic Surgeon at Sahyadri Hospital in Pune, provides valuable insights into what robotic surgery entails.

Robotic surgery is a modern technique that resembles traditional surgical methods. It can be categorized into three types: open surgery, laparoscopic surgery, and robotic surgery. While all three involve surgical procedures, the technology used varies. In open surgery, a larger incision is made in the abdomen, allowing direct access to internal organs. Laparoscopic surgery, on the other hand, utilizes small incisions through which a camera and instruments are inserted to perform the surgery. Robotic surgery employs similar principles but integrates robotic assistance to enhance precision and control.

A common misconception about robotic surgery is that robots perform the procedures independently. However, this is not the case. In robotic surgery, the surgeon operates from a console, providing instructions to the robot, which assists in the surgical process. Unlike in industries where robots may operate autonomously, surgical procedures heavily rely on the skills and judgment of trained surgeons. The robot serves as an assistant, enhancing precision and enabling access to hard-to-reach areas that might be challenging for traditional surgical techniques.

Robotic surgery offers several significant advantages:

1. Increased Precision: The robotic system helps reduce hand tremors that can affect the movement of surgical instruments, allowing for greater accuracy.
2. Access to Narrow Areas: Robotic assistance enables surgeons to operate in tight spaces that may be difficult to navigate with open or laparoscopic surgery, all while utilizing smaller incisions.

Faster Recovery: Patients typically experience less pain and shorter hospital stays due to improved visualization and precision during surgeries. This is particularly beneficial in complex procedures, such as those for cancer treatment.

A variety of surgical procedures can benefit from robotic assistance, including:

• Robotic cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal)
• Appendectomy (appendix removal)
• Hernia repairs (inguinal and umbilical)
• Colorectal surgeries (e.g., right hemicolectomy, anterior resection)
• Radical nephrectomy (kidney removal)
• Urological surgeries, such as radical prostatectomy (prostate removal)
• Transoral surgeries, where instruments are inserted through the mouth to remove growths from the throat or larynx.

Despite the many advantages of robotic surgery, some patients may have concerns about potential errors during procedures. One significant drawback of robotic surgery is its cost, as the technology and instruments involved can be more expensive compared to traditional methods. However, the benefits—such as enhanced precision, quicker recovery times, and reduced pain—often justify the higher expenses.

It is crucial to clarify that robots do not perform surgeries independently. All commands and movements are controlled by the surgeon, ensuring that the human element remains at the forefront of the surgical process. The robot serves to assist by executing precise actions as directed by the surgeon.

Robotic surgery represents a significant advancement in surgical techniques, offering numerous benefits that can greatly enhance patient outcomes. At Sahyadri Hospital, Dr. Vinod Gore and his team perform a wide range of robotic surgeries, ensuring that patients receive the best possible care. If you have any questions or concerns about robotic surgery, feel free to reach out for more information.