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Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes – Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

In diabetes, the body cannot utilize sugar (glucose) for energy; therefore, the person’s blood sugar levels remain persistently high.

This causes an increase in blood sugar levels. The heart, eyes, kidneys, and nerves are just some of the organs and tissues that may be damaged by poorly managed diabetes.

Symptoms of type 1 and type 2 diabetes include: 

• Experiencing a greater thirst than usual.
• Frequent urination.
• Unintentional weight loss.
• Ketones have been detected in the urine. Ketones result from the breakdown of muscle and fat tissue when insufficient insulin is in the blood.
• Lacking energy and strength.
• Having mood swings or experiencing irritability.
• Blurred eyesight.
• Getting sores that take a long time to cure. 

Any age is a possible onset for type 1 diabetes. However, its onset is often before adulthood. The more prevalent kind of diabetes, called type 2, may appear at any time.

Type 1 diabetes

Diseases of this kind are autoimmune, meaning the body turns against itself. The pancreatic cells that produce insulin are killed off.

Type 1 diabetes affects up to 10% of people with diabetes. Young people (children and teenagers) are the typical patients (but this may occur at any age). Before, it was more often referred to as “juvenile” diabetes.

Type 1 diabetics are the only ones who need daily insulin injections. This is why it is sometimes referred to as “insulin-dependent diabetes.”

 Also Read : What causes diabetes in children?

Causes of Type 1 diabetes: 

This illness is related to the body’s immunological system. In type 1 diabetes, the body’s immune system assaults and kills pancreatic beta cells, which produce insulin.

Hyperglycemia occurs when glucose in the circulation builds up because cells cannot take up glucose. After all, insulin is not present. In certain instances, genetics might also play a role. The immune system may also launch an assault in response to a virus.

Type 2 diabetes 

This kind of diabetes occurs when either your body does not produce enough insulin or your cells do not react correctly to the insulin that is there. This kind of diabetes affects more people than any other.

Type 2 diabetes may account for as much as 95% of all cases. People in their 30s and 40s are most at risk, but it may happen to anybody. Type 2 diabetes is also known as adult-onset diabetes or insulin resistance. 

Cause of Type 2 diabetes:

 The cells in your body are blocking insulin from doing its job and letting glucose enter the cells. Because of this, insulin is no longer able to affect your body’s cells.

Your pancreas cannot meet the demand and produce enough insulin to alleviate this resistance—the blood sugar level increases.

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Diabetes treatment may range from diet and exercise changes to medication and insulin injections, depending on the patient’s type of diabetes, blood glucose control, and other health issues.

• Type 1 diabetes: Daily insulin injections are required for those with this disease. Insulin production has stopped in your pancreas.

Read Also : How to Take Insulin Injection?

• Type 2 diabetes: Medications (for diabetes and for illnesses that are risk factors for diabetes), insulin, and lifestyle modifications (such as weight loss, better dietary choices, and increased physical activity) may help manage this kind of diabetes.

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